Condensation Heat Transfer: Principles, Mechanisms, and Mathematical Modeling

Abstract

The paper explores the process of condensation, where vapor transforms into liquid upon cooling, a critical mechanism for heat transfer in energy systems like electric power generation, refrigeration, and HVAC. It differentiates between film wise and dropwise condensation, noting that dropwise condensation generally allows for more efficient heat transfer. The study offers a thorough introduction to the principles of heat transfer through condensation, emphasizing its industrial significance and detailing the mechanisms involved, such as surface tension and fluid dynamics. A mathematical analysis is performed to model heat exchange rates and temperature distributions, considering various factors like vapor velocity and surface properties. The findings aim to improve understanding of heat transfer phenomena and provide equations useful for optimizing thermal systems in engineering contexts.